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こんにちは、しんやです。
中学英語（高校入試）で多くの生徒さんが苦手とする「ほぼ同じ英文に言い換える問題」をドドーンと紹介します。
英語の書き換え（同意文）は、パターンで覚えてしまうのが1番です。
寝る前と朝起きた時に、音読しながら覚えると効果抜群です。
中1からの基本的な書き換え問題から入試レベルの順で出しています。
応用問題も最後に載せてます。
知識の拡がりとして覚えてください。
詳しい解説はありませんが、あなたの知らない問題を書きまとめた「自分ノート」にするのも良いです。こんな感じで👇
「それなら英語の勉強を始めてはどうですか？」（例）
Then how about starting to study English?
=Why don’t you start to study English?
=Let’s start to study English.
=Shall we start to study English?
=Would you like to start to study English?
（※start to study ➡ start studying でも良いんやで）
完璧に出来るまで時間をかけ繰り返し演習し、頭に叩き込めば入試対策も大丈夫です。
それでは頑張ってください！！（高校入試も！）
中学1年生で出てくる言い換え問題（17個）
Is that a new bike ?
＝Is that bike new ?
This story is interesting.
＝This is an interesting story.
Do you go to school on foot ?
＝Do you walk to school ?
She is my father’s sister.
＝She is my aunt.
※家族関連の単語は暗記（uncle,cousin：いとこ、等）
You play the piano well.
＝You are a good pianist.
＝You are good at playing the piano.
She speaks Chinese well.
＝She is a good speaker of Chinese.
＝She is good at speaking Chinese.
※be good at 動名詞 「～するのが上手です・得意です」⇔be poor at
I help him and he also helps me. (also：～もまた)
＝We help each other.
I am a member of the soccer club.
＝I am in the soccer club.
＝I belong to the soccer club.
We have much rain here in summer.
＝It rains much here in summer.
Nancy has no sisters.
＝Nancy doesn’t have any sisters.
He has many books.
＝He has a lot of books.
Whose are those rackets ?
＝Whose rackets are those ?
Ken is one of my friends.
＝Ken is a friend of mine.
※「わたしの友人の一人」a friend of mine ＝one of my friends
Which is your knife ?
＝Which knife is yours ?
※「どちらがあなたのナイフですか」「どちらのナイフがあなたのですか」which は主語にもなれる疑問詞。
Is that her camera ?
＝Is that camera hers ?
※所有代名詞を暗記「～なもの」mine(私のもの), yours(君のもの), his(彼のもの), hers(彼女のもの), ours(私たちのもの), theirs(彼らのもの)
Tom goes fishing on Saturdays.
＝Tom goes fishing every Saturday.
How is the weather in Okinawa ?
＝What is the weather like in Okinawa ?
※「～の天気はどうですか」
問題集で挑戦するのも良いですよ♪👇
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中学2年生で出てくる言い換え問題（29個）
We will stay in Okinawa for two weeks.
＝We are going to stay in Okinawa for two weeks.
Let’s go for a walk.
=Shall we go for a walk ?
=Why don’t we go for a walk?
=How about going for walk?
＝Let’s go for a walk, shall we?
※付加疑問文にする書き換え問題
Please close the door.
＝Will you close the door ?
=Please close the door, will you?
※付加疑問文にする書き換え問題
He is our English teacher.
＝He teaches English to us.
He made her son a large box.
＝He made a large box for her son.
He can/could run very fast.
He is/was able to run very fast.
Can/Could you read the English book?
=Are/Were you able to read the English book?
※主語・時制によってbe動詞を使い分ける
They can’t come to the party.
=They aren’t able to come to the party.
Akiko must finish her homework by tomorrow.
＝Akiko has to finish her homework by tomorrow.
※三単現には要注意やでぇ
I want to visit Rome some day.
＝I would like to visit Rome some day.
※want（欲しい） だけなら would like だけでエエんやで
Don’t swim in this river.
＝You must not swim in this river.
※「～してはいけません」
My father likes to take a walk early in the morning.
＝My father likes taking a walk early in the morning.
Japan has a lot of moutains.
＝There are a lot of moutains in Japan.
=We have a lot of mountains in Japan.
Tom likes dogs very much.
=Tom loves dogs.
=Tom is very fond of dogs.
She likes this book the best of all the books.
＝She likes this book better than any other book.
※any other の後の単語は単数やでぇ
She didn’t say anything to me.
＝She said nothing to me.
How many people do you have in your family ?
＝ How many people are there in your family ?
You don’t have to come here.
=You don’t need to come here.
=You need not come here.
※「～する必要はない」don’t have to＝don’t need to＝need not
Taro likes history. Jiro likes history, too.
＝Both Taro and Jiro like history.
The children began to swim in the pool.
＝The children began swimming in the pool.
Must you go there by yourself ?
＝Do you have to go there by yourself ?
Please show me your picture.
＝Please show your picture to me.
=Will you show me your picture?
Junko is fifteen years old. Satoko is fifteen years old, too.
＝Junko is as old as Satoko.
Your watch is not as good as mine.
＝My watch is better than yours.
English is easier than French.
＝French is more difficult than English.
※立場が入れ替わると比較の内容も変わるんやでぇ
Turn left, and you’ll see the bank on your right.
＝If you turn left, you’ll see the bank on your right.
※「, and : そうすれば・, or : さもないと」セットで覚えやぁ
My sister can play the piano very well.
＝My sister is able to play the piano very well.
※主語によってbe動詞は使い分けるんやでぇ
Speaking English is difficult for me.
＝To speak English is difficult for me.
※不定詞の名詞的用法(～すること)と動名詞は主語にも用いる。3人称単数扱いに注意
I must (=have to) do a lot of things this evening.
＝I have a lot of things to do this evening.
※テストによく出るでぇ。
「私は今晩たくさんのことをしなければならない」
「私はすべきたくさんのことを持っている」
不定詞の形容詞的用法。
中学3年生で出てくる言い換え問題（29個）
Did Ms. Tanaka teach math ?
＝Was math taught by Ms. Tanaka ?
※受け身やでぇ。時制に注意やでぇ。
They speak English in Australia.
＝English is spoken in Australia.
※theyは一般人なので、受け身の時は書かなくてOKやでぇ。
The book is interesting to me.
＝I am interested in the book.
※両方答えられない人が多いでぇ。
She became sick two days ago and she is still sick.
＝She has been sick for two days.
He went to the post office and came back now.
＝He has been to the post office.
※「（ちょうど今）行ってきたところ」というニュアンスやでぇ。
He doesn’t have any friends.
＝He has no friends.
※not ～any ＝no ～「まったく(ぜんぜん・一つも)～ない」
We have much rain in June.
＝It rains a lot in June.
※三単現まで神経使うんやでぇ。
I am a member of the soccer club of our school.
=I belong to the soccer club of our school.
=I am in the soccer club of our school.
※be a member of ～＝belong to ～=be in ～「～に所属している」
Ken likes music very much.
=Ken loves music.
=Ken is very fond of music.
※like very much～＝love =be fond of ～
三単現に気を付けるんやでぇ。
We walked to church.
＝We went to church on foot.
※walk to ～＝go to ～on foot 「～に歩いて行く」
I help him and he also helps me. (also：もまた)
=We help each other.
※each other ：お互いに
Please tell me the way to the station.
＝Will you tell me the way to the station ?
※丁寧な命令文(～してください)＝Will you ～?(～してしくれませんか)
He made her son a large box.
＝He made a large box for her son.
※二重目的語 make・buy ＋もの＋“for”＋人
※give・send・tell・show・lend・teach ＋もの＋“to”＋人
「もの」が相手に行く場合は「to」、まだ行っていない場合は「for」やでぇ。
My father likes to take a walk early in the morning.
＝My father likes taking a walk early in the morning.
※三単現にはくれぐれも注意やでぇ。
I like this book the best of all the books.
＝I like this book better than any other book.
※比較級＋than＋any other ＋単数名詞：他のどんな～よりも
Shall we look after people in the nursing home ?
＝How about looking after people in the nursing home ?
=Let’s look after people in the nursing home.
=Why don’t we look after people in the nursing home ?
=Would you like to look after people in the nursing home ?
※👆できたら凄いんやでぇ。
I want to visit Italy some day.
＝I would like to visit Italy some day.
※「～したい(と思う)」want to ～＝would like to ～
The book is interesting to me.
＝I am interested in the book.
※人＋be intereted in＋もの(～に興味がある)
＝もの＋be intereting to＋人(～にとって面白い)
How many people do you have in your family ?
＝How many people are there in your family ?
※意外と知られていない「何人いますか？」やでぇ
How about going to the movies ?
＝Why don’t you go to the movies ?
He didn’t say anything to me.
＝He said nothing to me.
Tom likes tennis. Ben likes tennis, too.
＝Both Tom and Ben like tennis.
※both A and B ：ＡもＢも両方とも(複数扱い！)
May I come in ?
＝Can I come in ?
Must you finish the work at once ?
＝Do you have to finish the work at once ?
Bill had coffee before he went to bed.
＝Bill had coffee before going to bed.
※before は接続詞も前置詞もある。「ビルは寝る前にコーヒーを飲んだ」
上は接続詞、下は前置詞でその後は動名詞が来ている。
He didn’t say good-bye and went out of the room.
＝He went out of the room without saying good-bye.
※「彼はさよならも言わずに部屋から出て行った」without ＋動名詞 (～しないで) 文を丸暗記
If you don’t hurry up, you’ll miss the train.
＝Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
※If 節と命令文,and(or)～.の書き換え。
命令文,and ～.「・・しなさい、そうすれば～」
命令文,or ～. 「・・しなさい、さもないと～」
My guitar is not as good as yours.
＝Your gutiar is better than mine.
Betty is younger than Alice. Nancy is older than Alice.
＝Nancy is the oldest of the three.
ちょっと応用/特殊っぽい言い換え問題（33個）
今回は、英文の書き換え問題のうち、熟語に関連した書き換え問題について考えてみます。
覚えてしまわないといけないことが多いのですが、逆に言うと、覚えてしまえばいいという書き換えです。
後は、動詞の時制や三単現のs の有無に気をつければOKです。
Please tell me the way to the station.
=Will you tell me the way to the station?
＝How can I get to the station ?
※「～へはどうやって行くのぉ？」
He visited his uncle yesterday. ［人］
=He called on his uncle yesterday. ［人］
He visited his uncle’s house yesterday. ［場所］
=He called at his uncle’s house yesterday.［場所］
※ visit の後は［人］［場所］のいずれも目的語
call on ＋（人）、 call at ＋（場所）を使い分けるんやでぇ。
What day of the month is it today ?
＝What is the date today ?
※今日は何月何日ですか？
Let’s leave here.
=Let’s get out of here.
※「ここから出よう。」（行こうぜ！）の意味から get out of ～ が出て来るといいでぇ。
He went to Canada by airplane.
=He flew to Canada.
fly to ～ で「飛行機で～に行く」の意味
My uncle died three years ago.
=My uncle has been dead for three years.
※ 現在完了の＜継続＞に書き換え。
「３年間、ずっと死んでいる」は変な感じやけど、英語ではこんな表現になるんや。
We had a good time at the party.
=We enjoyed ourselves at the party.
※ enjoy の後は、4番目の代名詞 oneself を使うんやで。
We can’t live if we don’t have water.
＝We can’t live without water.
※「～なしで」の前置詞は、よう出るでぇ。
Why did you get so angry ?
＝What made you so angry ?
※第5文型を取るmake(～させる)。
「何があなたをそんなに怒らせたのですか」
→「あなたはなぜそんなに怒ったのですか」
She was happy to hear the news.
=The news made her happy.
When I was going to the station, I saw a friend of mine.
=I saw a friend of mine when I was going to the station.
=I saw a friend of mine on my way to the station.
「駅に行く途中で私の友達の一人に会いました。
He went to France when he was fifteen years old.
＝He went to France at the age of fifteen.
※at the age of ～：～歳の時に
He threw the ball as far as possible. (far：遠く)
＝He threw the ball as far as he could.
※as ～as possible ＝as ～as one can ：できるだけ～
時制に注意するんやでぇ。
Can you stay home by yourself?
=Can you stay home alone?
「あなたは一人で家に居られますか。（一人で留守番できますか。）」
Takeru is taller than any other boy in my class.
=Takeru is the tallest boy in my class.
=No other boy in my class is taller than Takeru.
=No other boy in my class is as tall as Takeru.
=Nothing is as tall as Takeru in my class.
I have never seen such a beautiful flower like this.
=This is the most beautiful flower I have ever seen.
It’s impossible for me to run fast.
=I can’t run fast.
=I don’t know how to run fast.
How old is this church ?
＝(What ) is the (age ) of this church ?
※「この教会は建てられてどのくらいになりますか」の意
She is so tired that he can’t work today.
=She is too tired to work today.
※too ~ to の中に否定の意味が含まれるんやでぇ。
He is so tall he can reach to the book on the shelf.
=He is tall enough to reach to the book on the shelf.
This camera belongs to me.
=This camera is mine.
「このカメラは私の（もの）です。」
The student belonged to the tennis club.
=The student was a member of the tennis club.
While I was staying in Nara, I visited many temples.
＝During my stay in Nara, I visited many temples.
※while → 主語が○○しているの間、下段の stay は名詞（滞在）やでぇ。
Don’t be noisy in the library.
=Be quiet in the library.
※ 図書館では騒がしくするな。の意味。
肯定の命令文にするには、反対語を思いつく必要がある。
「図書館では静かにしなさい。」と考える。
We are free this afternoon.
＝We have nothing to do this afternoon.
You don’t have to go to school tomorrow.
=You don’t need to go to school tomorrow.
=It is not necessary for you to go to school tomorrow.
「あなたは、今日学校に行く必要はない。」（＝行かなくてもよい）
※have to の書き換えで気をつけないといけないのは、否定文になると、must と have to はイコールにはならないことやでぇ。
must not は「～してはいけない」という＜禁止＞に対し、don’t have to は「～しなくてもよい」という意味に。
must not ≠ don’t have to その代わりに
don’t have to ＝ don’t need to でどちらも「～する必要がない」と考えられます。
Let’s play soccer together after school.
=Let’s play soccer together after school is over.
My father decided to buy a new house.
=My father made up his mind to buy a new house.
「父は新しい家を買うことに決めた。」
This book belongs to me.
=This book is mine.
My mother told me, ”You should study English.”
=My mother told me that I should study English.
Shall I make some coffee?
=Do you want me to make some coffee?
「少しコーヒーを入れましょうか。」
I just came back from the post office.
「郵便局から戻ってきたところです。」を現在完了にする。
=I have just been to the post office.
have been to は「～に行ったことがある」という＜経験＞以外に
「～に行ってたところです。」の意味の＜完了＞にも使われる。
They will reach the station at three.
=They will arrive at the station at three.
=They will get to the station at three.
「彼らは3時に、駅に着くでしょう。」
Will you take care of my birds?
=Will you look after my birds?
「私の小鳥の世話をしてくれませんか。」
問題集で挑戦するのも良いですよ♪👇
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今回は以上となります。
